Steel Buildings in Europe

Part 6: Fire Engineering 6 - 34 Figure 4.7 Fire design of members using the load bearing capacity approach The benefits from such thermal gradient can be taken into account by dividing the cross-section into a number of elements and allocating a reduced yield strength to each element according to their temperature. The total resistance of the cross-section can be calculated by adding up the resistances of each element. Alternatively, the beneficial influence of thermal gradient on the resistance of these members can be calculated conservatively using two empirical adaptation factors,  1 and  2 , as given in §4.2.3.3 of EN 1993-1-2.